REPOSITORY: TOC OF BOOKS

Summary of books and Table of Contents

The aim is to provide an easy reference to the future readers to get the information quickly and from multiple sources. The page is under continuous update and may look incomplete at times. Most of the books referred here are in public domain and out of copyright. Since the PDF copies have been OCRed, texts are still not 100% accurate and some words might be misspelt. The folder names and file names are reference to the future [online] repository which shall be shared with visitors in due course of time.

Sections on this page: Medieval Europe, Sexulaity and Women, Witchcraft

The book list, size and number of pages are summarized here. You may explore it here or search/find using keywords which book is stored under which folder. If you want these 6230 books (and additional 500 e-books downloaded from Project Gutenberg website) on a micro SD-card having memory size of 128 GB, please write to me at fb@cfdyna.com - I will send by speed-post this to your address after a payment of INR 2,000/- across anywhere only in India. These books are categorized into 100 folders as shown below.

John Darrel, An apologie, or defence of the possession of William Sommers, a yong man of the towne of Nottingham: wherein this worke of God is cleared from the evil name of counterfaytinge, and therevpon also it is shewed that in these dayes men may be possessed with devils, and that being so, by prayer and fasting the vncleane spirit may be cast out (Amsterdam, 1598). This book was reprinted in 1641 as "A true relation of the grievous handling of William Sommers of Nottingham being possessed with a devill": shewing how he was first taken and how lamentable from time to time he was tormented and afflicted (London: Thomas Harper, 1641). Samuel Harsnett, A discouery of the fraudulent practises of Iohn Darrel Bacheler of Artes in his proceedings concerning the pretended possession and dispossession of William Somers at Nottingham:of Thomas Darling, the boy of Burton at Caldwall: and of Katherine Wright at Mansfield, & Whittington: and of his dealings with one Mary Couper at Nottingham, detecting in some sort the deceitfull trade in these latter dayes of casting out deuils. (London: [John Windet for] Iohn Wolfe, 1599). "A discovery of the fraudulent practises of Iohn Darrel ... detecting in some sort the deceitfull trade in these latter dayes of casting out devils" by Harsnett, Samuel.

A declaration of egregious popish impostures to with-draw the harts of Her Maiesties subiects from their allegeance, and from the truth of Christian religion professed in England, vnder the pretence of casting out deuils practised by Edmunds, alias Weston a Iesuit, and diuers Romish priests his wicked associates: where-unto are annexed the copies of the confessions, and examinations of the parties themselues, which were pretended to be possessed, and dispossessed, taken vpon oath before her Maiesties commissioners, for causes ecclesiasticall: by Harsnett, Samuel, 1561-1631; Roberts, James, -1618, printer; Rodd, Thomas, 1796-1849, bookseller; Barton, Thomas Pennant, 1803-1869, former owner.

"A detection of that sinnful, shamful, lying, and ridiculous discovrs, of Samuel Harshnet, entituled: A discouerie of the frawdulent practises of John Darrel : wherein is manifestly and apparantly shewed in the eyes of the world not only the unlikelihoode, but the flate impossibilitie of the pretended counterfayting of William Somers, Thomas Darling, Kath. Wright, and Mary Couper, togeather with the other 7 in Lancashire, and the supposed teaching of them by the saide John Darrell": by Darrel, John, approximately 1562

Begone Satan! : a soul stirring account of diabolical possession by Vogl, Carl, 1866-; Kapsner, Celestine, 1892-1973, Publication date 1935

George More, A true discourse concerning the certaine possession and dispossessio[n] of 7 persons in one familie in Lancashire which also may serve as part of an answere to a fayned and false discouerie which speaketh very much evill, aswell of this, as of the rest of those great and mightie workes of God which be of the like excellent nature. By George More, minister and preacher of the worde of God, and now (for bearing witnesse vnto this, and for iustifying the rest) a prisoner in the Clinke, where he hath co[n]tinued almost for the space of two yeares (Middelburg: Richard Schilders, 1600)

Anon, The triall of Maist. Dorrell, or A collection of defences against allegations not yet suffered to receiue convenient answere Tending to cleare him from the imputation of teaching Sommers and others to counterfeit possession of divells. That the mist of pretended counterfetting being dispelled, the glory of Christ his royall power in casting out divels (at the prayer and fasting of his people) may evidently appeare (Middelburg: R. Schilders, 1599)

Henry Holland, Spirituall preseruatiues against the pestilence: Or A treatise containing sundrie questions both concerning the causes of the pestilence, (where is shewed, that the plague is a mixt euill of knowne and secret causes, and therefore so hardly healed by naturall curatiues only) and he most pretious preseruatiues against the same and many other euils. Chiefely collected out of the 91 psalme (London: R. F[ield and T. Scarlet] for Thomas Man, 1593)

John Northbrooke, Spiritus est vicarius Christi in terra. A treatise wherein dicing, dauncing, vaine playes or enterluds with other idle pastimes [et]c. commonly vsed on the Sabboth day, are reproued by the authoritie of the word of God and auntient writers. Made dialoguewise by Iohn Northbrooke minister and preacher of the word of God (London: H. Bynneman, for George Byshop, 1577)

The law of treason and treason trials in later medieval France by Cuttler, S. H. (Simon Hirsch), 1950: The concept of treason in later medieval France : legists, 'coutumiers' and treatise-writers -- The crimes of treason -- Jurisdiction -- Procedure and the trial of peers -- Punishment, forfeiture and pardon -- Treason and the crown 1328-1356 -- Treason and the crown 1356-1380 -- Treason and the crown 1380-1422 -- Treason and the crown 1422-1461 -- Treason and the crown 1461-1494

Witch trials by Wood, Alix: From a modern perspective, it seems incredible that people were once executed for practicing witchcraft. Yet, in medieval Europe and colonial America, more than 12,000 lost their lives this way. The proof of witchery was often as scanty as a physical deformity or as outrageous as the water test: If the tied-up suspect floated in water, they were guilty; if they sunk, they were innocent! What's a witch trial? -- How to spot a witch -- Witches' accessories -- European witch trials -- Witch-finder general -- Confessions -- Punishments -- Salem witch trials -- Famous witch trials -- Curses and cures -- The Pendle witches -- The witches of Bamberg -- Witch trials today -- Glossary

Domenico Scandella known as Menocchio: his trials before the Inquisition (1583-1599) by Scandella, Domenico, 1532-1599

The Inquisition by A. Hyatt Verrill: [I] The Conditions that Led to the Inquisition, [II] The Beginning of the Inquisition [III] Powers of the Inquisition [IV] The Inquistoial Net [V] How the Machine Operated [VI] Penalties Imposed [VII] Tortures [VIII] Superstition, Sorcery and Witchcraft [IX] The Case of Joan of Arc [X] The Beginning of the End [XI] The Spanish Inquisition [XII] The Inquisition in America [XIII] The Inquisition in Peru

Law, sex, and Christian society in medieval Europe by Brundage, James A: Law and sex in the ancient world -- Sex and the law in Judaism and early Christianity -- Sex and the law in the Christian Empire, from Constantine to Justinian -- Law and sex in early medieval Europe, sixth to eleventh centuries -- The era of church reform, intellectual revival, and urbanization: 1176-1140 -- Sex and marriage in the Decretum of Gratian -- Sexual behavior and the early Decretists, from Paucapalea to Huguccio, 1140-1190 -- Marriage and sex in canon law, from Alexander III to the Liber Extra -- Sex, marriage, and the legal commentators, 1234-1348 -- Sex, marriage, and the law from the Black Death to the Reformation, 1348-1517 -- Sex in the age of the Reformation: from the Ninety-Five Theses to Tametsi, 1517-1563 -- Medieval sex law and modern society: recapitulation, reflections, and conclusions

Handbook of medieval sexuality Edited by Vern L Bullough and James A. Brundage: Confession and the study of sex in the middle ages / Pierre J. Payer -- Sex and canon law / James A. Brundage -- Western medicine and natural philosophy / Joan Cadden -- Gendered sexuality / Joyce E. Salisbury -- Chaste marriage in the middle ages: "it were to hire a greet merite" / Margaret McGlynn and Richard J. Moll -- Hiding behind the universal man: male sexuality in the middle ages / Jacqueline Murray --Homosexuality / Warren Johansson and William A. Percy -- Twice marginal and twice invisible: lesbians in the middle ages / Jacqueline Murray --Cross dressing and gender role change in the middle ages / Vern L. Bullough -- Prostitution in medieval Europe / Ruth Mazo Karras --Contraception and early abortion in the middle ages / John M. Riddle --Castration and eunuchism in the middle ages / Mathew S. Kuefler -- A note on research into Jewish sexuality in the medieval period / Norman Roth -- A research note on sexuality and Muslim civilization / Norman Roth -- Eastern Orthodox christianity / Eve Levin -- Sexuality in medieval French literature: "separés, on est ensemble" / Laurie A. Finke -- Old Norse sexuality: men, women, and beasts / Jenny Jochens -- Sex roles and the role of sex in medieval English literature / David Lampe

Sexualities in history: A Reader edited by Kim M. Phillips and Barry Reay: Sexuality in history revisited / Jeffrey Weeks -- Forgetting Foucault: acts, identities, and the history of sexuality / David M. Halperin -- Bodies that don't matter: heterosexuality before heterosexuality in Gottfried's Tristan / James A. Schultz -- "Ut cum muliere": a male transvestite prostitute in fourteenth-century London / Ruth Mazo Karras and David Lorenzo Boyd -- Gender and generation: representing reproduction in early modern England / Mary Fissell -- Bodies and minds: sexuality and renunciation in early Christianity / Peter Brown -- Family life and the regulation of deviance / John D'Emilio and Estelle B. Freedman -- Sexuality in California's Franciscan missions: cultural perceptions and historical realities / Albert Hurtado -- Redefining sex in eighteenth-century England / Tim Hitchcock -- Sex for thought / Robert Darnton -- Parasexuality and glamour: the Victorian barmaid as cultural prototype / Peter Bailey -- Anne Lister's construction of lesbian identity / Anna Clark -- Richard von Krafft-Ebing's "step-children of nature": psychiatry and the making of homosexual identity / Harry Oosterhuis -- Trade, wolves, and the boundaries of normal manhood / George Chauncey -- Toward a "value-free" science of sex: the Kinsey reports / Janice M. Irvine -- Negotiating sex and gender in the Attorney General's commission on pornography / Carole S. Vance -- AIDS and the discursive construction of homosexuality / Steven Seidman -- Regulated passions: the invention of inhibited sexual desire and sexual addiction / Janice M. Irvine -- Hottentot 2000: Jennifer Lopez and her butt / Magdalena Barrera -- Leatherdyke boys and their daddies: how to have sex without women or men / C. Jacob Hale -- The game girls of VNS matrix: challenging gendered identities in cyberspace / Kay Schaffer

Sex game book: A cultural history of sexuality by Beaulieu, Denyse - Translated from the French by Elizabeth G. Heard and Molly Stevens

Sex in Middlesex: popular mores in a Massachusetts county, 1649-1699 by Thompson, Roger, 1933: Middlesex County and its records -- 1. Adolescent mores : Fornication: detection and evasion; Courtship and patriarchal authority; Pregnant brides and broken promises; Sexual deviance and abuse; Adolescent culture; Typical adolescents -- 2. Married mores: Marital problems; Unfaithful husbands; Unfaithful wives -- 3. Family and community: Domestic relations; Community control

Sin, sickness & sanity: a history of sexual attitudes by Bullough, Vern L and Bullough Bonnie

European witch trials: their foundations in popular and learned culture, 1300-1500 by Kieckhefer, Richard

The trial of Jan Hus: medieval heresy and criminal procedure by Fudge, Thomas A.: Jan Hus in history, heresy, and court -- Inventing medieval heresy -- Law, procedure, and practice in medieval heresy trials -- Beginnings of the Hus trial from Prague to the Papal Curia -- An extraordinary motion to an appellate court -- The ordo procedendi as a political document -- Legal process at the Council of Constance -- Assessing the accusations and criminal charges -- Closing arguments

Criminal London: a pictorial history from medieval times to 1939 by Herber, Mark D: The criminal in action: riots, plots, murders and mayhem -- Law and order: thieftakers and the police -- The police in action: riot, bombings and anarchy -- The courts of London: trials, defendants and the judiciary -- Criminal portraits -- Some political trials and executions -- Victims of crime -- Executions -- The hangmen -- The prisons of London -- Punishment

Crime & scandal: the black plaque guide to London by Barker, Felix, 1917

The trial of the Templars by Barber, Malcolm Publication date 1978: This book describes the trial (which lasted until 1314), and covers the initial confessions of the brothers under torture, their subsequent attempts to defend themselves, and the final repression. Its argument extends beyond the Templars themselves, and examines the significance of the affair in relations between the French monarchy and the papacy. 1. The participants -- 2. The arrests -- 3. The papal intervention -- 4. The papal and episcopal inquiries -- 5. The defence of the Order -- 6. The end of resistance -- 7. The charges -- 8. The trial in other countries -- 9. The suppression -- 10. Conclusion -- Appendix A: The articles of accusation, 12 August 1308 -- Appendix B: An orthodox reception: the description of Gerard de Caux, 12 January 1311 -- Chronology of the trial

Medieval justice: cases and laws in France, England and Germany, 500-1500 by Janin, Hunt: -- Justice in the early Middle Ages -- Canon (Ecclesiastical) law and its variants -- Feudalism and justice in medieval France -- Anglo-Norman justice in England before the common law -- Henry II and the rise of the English common law -- Medieval inquisitors -- A sampler of medieval cases -- Medieval crime -- Justice in medieval Germany -- Where medieval law and politics meet -- Modern legacies of medieval justice

The Templars: knights of God by Burman, Edward: Preface -- 1. Genesis -- 2. The templar ideology I: 1128-36 -- 3. The templar ideology II: 1136-47 -- 4. Knights militant: 1147-87 -- 5. International financiers and landowners -- 6. Saladin and the fall of Jerusalem -- 7. Templars in the holy land -- 8. Criticism and decline -- 9. The recovery of Jerusalem and proposed union -- 10. Suppression

Medieval Germany, 500-1300: a political interpretation by Arnold, Benjamin: Medieval Germany, 500-1300 is a new interpretation of the emergence of Germany in the crucial centuries when a European civilisation was being forged for the first time. Germany was different: there never was a 'German people' until right at the end of the Middle Ages. Instead, we have to study distinct races such as the Bavarians and the Saxons, the Franks and the Swabians, each with their own dialects, customs and laws. Medieval Germany, while highly diverse, was at the same time the basis of a supra-national Western Roman Empire founded by Charlemagne and continued by Otto the Great and his successors. So Germany was at once provincial and universal. The institutional reality which bound together these paradoxes was the kingdom. Like other European communities at the time, the diverse regions and peoples owed allegiance to a king. And in Germany regal office produced an extraordinary variety of military, juridical, religious, economic, dynastic and ideological methods of rule

Introduction: German Political Identity in the Middle Ages -- Pt. I. The Peoples and Provinces of Medieval Germany. The Foundation of Bavaria. Carolingian Bavaria. The Age of the Liutpolding and Saxon Dukes. Carinthia to 976. Alemannia (Swabia) and Alpine Raetia. Franconia Until the Tenth Century. The Establishment of Lotharingia. The Frisians. Saxony and the Franks. The Emergence of the Saxon Duchy. Thuringia down to the Tenth Century. The Crown and the Dukedoms in the Tenth Century. Saxon Ducal Power in the Eleventh Century. Swabia: Crown, Duke and Counts. Lotharingia and the Prevalence of Feud. Franconia and the Rise of the Salian Dynasty. Bavaria and the Crown's Authority. Carinthia 976-1122. The Provinces in the Saxon War and the War of Investitures. Transformation of the Provinces after 1100. The Politics of Conflict in the Provinces. People, Province and Jurisdictional Subdivision after 1100 -- Pt. II. Germany and Its Neo-Roman Empire

Eighth-Century Foundations for the Neo-Roman Empire. The Coronation of 800 as the Formative Event. The Western Imperial Ideal in the Ninth Century. Imperial Restoration in the Tenth Century. Ideal and Reality under Otto II and Otto III. Imperial Rule and Ecclesiastical Reform, 1002-1056. The Rupture Between Empire and Papacy. The Ideology of Conflict and the Progress of Compromise. The Western Imperial Ideal in the Twelfth Century. Emperor Henry VI, Pope Innocent III, and the Future of the Empire. The Rise of Frederick II. From the Downfall of the Staufen to the Peace of Lausanne in 1275. Economic Rationale for the German Imperial Experience. Eschatology and Empire. The Western Imperial Ideal by the End of the Thirteenth Century -- Pt. III. Kingship and Governance in Medieval Germany. Legacies of Germanic Kingship. Carolingian Kingship in Germany. The Carolingians of East Francia and Itinerant Kingship. The Last Carolingians of East Francia

Military and Theocratic Kingship: Henry I and Otto I. The Symbiosis of the German Church and Medieval Kingship. Specific Cases: Magdeburg and Bamberg. Bishops as Servants of the Crown. The Royal Chapel and Chancery. German Kingship and the Administration of Justice. Kingship and Law-making. Legislation by Diploma and Custumal. The Twelfth Century: the Rise of the Landfrieden. Frederick II as Legislator for Germany. The Material Resources of Kingship. The Royal Palaces and Other Residences Used. The Church and Its Renders to the Royal Court. The Status of Royal and Ecclesiastical Property. The Twelfth-Century Land-Register of the King of the Romans. Royal Wealth and Revenues after the Tafelguterverzeichnis. Governance, Royal Perambulation and Their Consequences. Elective Monarchy in Medieval Germany -- Conclusion: Tasks of Governance in Medieval Germany

The sword and the grail: of the Grail and the Templars and a true discovery of America by Sinclair, Andrew, 1935-2019: A quest -- Venice and the Zens -- The Knights of the sword, the trowel and the grail -- The blood of the holy light -- The fall of the Templars -- The search for the stones -- Finding the grail -- Green men and medicine -- Sailing to the West -- Earl and Prince of Orkney -- The Zen voyage -- The Templars and the Masons -- The fall of the Sancto Claros -- Appendix: The Zeno narrative

"More than ninety years before Columbus, Prince Henry St. Clair of Orkney reached North America with a Venetian captain and three hundred colonists. Based on stunning new archaeological evidence, The Sword and the Grail confirms Prince Henry's voyage and reveals the role played by the outlawed Order of the Knights Templar, who later evolved into the Masons of Scotland. This book is both an important revision of the history of the discovery of America and a fascinating revelation of the origins of the Masons. Some of the Templars carried their treasure to the St. Clair castle, where the knights' relics are still buried. The tomb of their St. Clair Grand Master, with the Grail carved on his stone, lies in Rosslyn, the core chapel of the Masonic movement. With the help of the sea skills and wealth of the Templars, Prince Henry tried to found with them a new Jerusalem in the New World, landing first in what is now Nova Scotia and then in New England. Written by a descendant of Prince Henry, The Sword and the Grail reveals startling evidence of the pre-Columbian European settlement of North America. It unveils secrets about the Knights Templar, the Grail, and the Masons that will fascinate the untold numbers of readers whose interest was stimulated by books like Foucault's Pendulum and Holy Blood, Holy Grail. All the research is original, and profound hidden mysteries of the Middle Ages are revealed at last"

Count and bishop in medieval Germany: a study of regional power, 1100-1350 by Arnold, Benjamin: Introduction: Land and Lordship in the Medieval German Empire 1. Regions and Political Power in Medieval Germany 2. The See of Eichstatt and Its Neighbors 3. Counts, Bishops, and Knights, 1125—1245 4. The Bishopric and Its Neighbors after the Treaty of Eichstatt in 1245 89 5. The End of the County of Hirschberg, 1280-1305 6. Eichstitt and the Hirschberg Inheritance 7. Bishop and Count in the West of Eichstatt’s Region Conclusion: Eichstatt in Bavarian and German History

History of chivalry and ancient armour, with descriptions of the feudal system, the usages of knighthood, the tournament, and trials by single combat. Translated from the German of Dr. F. Kotterkamp, by the Rev. A. Löwy. by Kottenkamp, F. Publication date 1857: SKETCH OF THE FEUDAL SYSTEM - ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHIVALRY - ON MEDLZVAL ARMOUR - TOURNAMENTS - TRIALS BY SINGLE COMBAT

Witch hunts in the western world: persecution and punishment from the inquisition through the Salem trials by Pavlac, Brian Alexander: Chronology, Chapter 1: An Introduction to Witch-Hunting, Chapter 2: Medieval Origins of the Witch Hunts 25, Chapter 3: Witch-Hunting in the Holy Roman Empire 51, Chapter 4: The Witch Hunts in France 83, Chapter 5: Witch-Hunting in the British Realms 109, Chapter 6: Witch-Hunting in Southern Europe 149, Chapter 7: Witch-Hunting in Northern and Eastern Europe 173, Chapter 8: Beyond the Witch Hunts 187, Glossary

Do you find the idea of a pig on trial for murder or locusts punished for trespass ridiculous? If so, than the history of medieval animal trials will likely intrigue, disturb, and downright baffle you. Through her audio, Katie Sykes helps unpack one of the strangest phenomena in the long, lurid history of punishment.

Strange histories: the trial of the pig, the walking dead, and other matters of fact from the medieval and Renaissance worlds by Oldridge, Darren

The criminal prosecution and capital punishment of animals by Evans, E. P. (Edward Payson), 1831-1917: Looks at the concept of lawlessness in medieval Europe, relates the stories of animals tried for criminal acts, and discusses the changing concept of justice.

Medieval Faith and Fable, by J. A. MacCulloch (Boston, 1932): 1. Survivals of Paganism, 2. The Medieval Fairy Creed, 3. The Supernatural Mistress or Wife, 4. Demons, 5. Shape-Shifting, 6. The Mythology of Death, 7. The Virgin: Cult and Legends, 8. The Saints, 9. Relics, 10. The Host, 11. Miracles, 12. Visions of the Other World, 13. Heretics: The Catharists and Others, 14. Sceptics, 15. Emotional Movements - Fanatics, 16. The Goliards, 17. The End of the World and the New Age

Vexed with devils: manhood and witchcraft in old and New England by Gasser, Erika, author - Stories of witchcraft and demonic possession from early modern England through the last official trials in colonial New England. Those possessed by the devil in early modern England usually exhibited a common set of symptoms: fits, vomiting, visions, contortions, speaking in tongues, and an antipathy to prayer. However, it was a matter of interpretation, and sometimes public opinion, if these symptoms were visited upon the victim, or if they came from within. Both early modern England and colonial New England had cases that blurred the line between witchcraft and demonic possession, most famously, the Salem witch trials. While historians acknowledge some similarities in witch trials between the two regions, such as the fact that an overwhelming majority of witches were women, the histories of these cases primarily focus on local contexts and specifics. In so doing, they overlook the ways in which manhood factored into possession and witchcraft cases. This is a cultural history of witchcraft-possession phenomena that centers on the role of men and patriarchal power. Erika Gasser reveals that witchcraft trials had as much to do with who had power in the community, to impose judgement or to subvert order, as they did with religious belief. She argues that the gendered dynamics of possession and witchcraft demonstrated that contested meanings of manhood played a critical role in the struggle to maintain authority.

Possession, gender, and power -- Discerning demonic and witchcraft-possession in early modern England -- Engendering English witchcraft-possession: the Samuel Family in Warboys -- Disputing possession in England: Samuel Harsnett versus John Darrell -- Engendering New England witchcraft-possession: George Burroughs in Salem -- Disputing possession in New England: Robert Calef versus Cotton Mather -- Continuity and patriarchy at the turn of the eighteenth century

Witchcraft in the Middle Ages by Russell, Jeffrey Burton: All the known theories and incidents of witchcraft in Western Europe from the fifth to the fifteenth century are brilliantly set forth in this engaging and comprehensive history. Building on a foundation of newly discovered primary sources and recent secondary interpretations, Professor Russell first establishes the facts and then explains the phenomenon of witchcraft in terms of its social and religious environment, particularly in relation to medieval heresies. He treats European witchcraft as a product of Christianity, grounded in heresy more than in the magic and sorcery that have existed in other societies. Skillfully blending narration with analysis, he shows how social and religious changes nourished the spread of witchcraft until large portions of medieval Europe were in its grip, "from the most illiterate peasant to the most skilled philosopher or scientist."A significant chapter in the history of ideas and their repression is illuminated by this book. Our growing fascination with the occult gives the author's affirmation that witchcraft arises at times and in areas afflicted with social tensions a special quality of immediacy.

Enemies of God: the witch-hunt in Scotland by Larner, Christina: The Idea of Witchcraft -- Explanations for the European Witch-Hunt -- The Sources for Scottish Witchcraft -- Social Structure and Social Control -- The Pattern of Witch-Hunting -- Numbers and Origins -- Chronology -- Geographical Distribution and Local Responsibility -- Who Were the Witches? -- The Process from Accusation to Execution -- Two Classic Cases The Belief System -- The Peasant in the Courts -- (II) The Christianization of the People -- (III) How to Defend a Witch -- Scottish Witchcraft in its Comparative Setting -- Chronological Outline -- Commissions.

The bewitching of Anne Gunter: a horrible and true story of deception, witchcraft, murder, and the King of England by Sharpe, J. A: "In 1604, twenty-year-old Anne Gunter appeared to be bewitched: she suffered violent fits, fell into trances, contorted wildly in her bedchamber. Her garters and bodices unlaced themselves. She was said to be able to prophesy the future. Most remarkably, she vomited pins and "voided some pins downwards as well by her water or otherwise." Somewhat suspiciously, the three women she accused as her tormentors were involved in a murderous feud with her father. As Anne's case became ever more celebrated, Oxford dons and local notables weighed in with their opinions, providing us with an extraordinary record of her trials. Ultimately, Anne's case was appealed directly to King James I, a noted witch-hunter, and her examination in the king's imposing Star Chamber - with more than fifty witnesses - revealed all." "Popular history at its best, The Bewitching of Anne Gunter opens a fascinating window onto the past. It's a tale of controlling fathers, willful daughters, nosy neighbors, power relations between peasants and gentry, and village life in early-modern Europe. Above all, it's an original and revealing story of one woman's experience with the greatly misunderstood phenomenon of witchcraft."

The Women of Turkey and Their Folk-lore by Garnett, Lucy Mary Jane: Volume 1: Christian Women. Part 1. Chapter 1. Vlach Women; Chapters 2-5. Greek Women, their social status and activities, family ceremonies, belief and superstitions, folk-poesy and folk-tales; Chapters 6-9. Armenian Women; Chapters 10-13. Bulgarian Women; Chapter 14 Frank [European] Women. Volume 2: Jewish and Muslim Women. Part 2. Chapters 1-4. Judaic Women, their family life, status, occupations, ceremonies, culture-beliefs and folk-beliefs, folk-poesy and folk-tales; Chapter 5. Dunmeh/Donmeh Women; Part 3. Moslem Women. Chapters 1-4. Kurdish Women; Chapters 5-6. Circassian Women; Chapter 7. Yuruk Women; Chapters 8-12. Albanian Women; Chapter 13. Tatar Women; Chapters 14-15. Gipsy Women; Chapters 16-24. Osmanli Women.

Medieval Handbooks of Penance: A Translation of the Principal "Libri Poenitentiales" and Selections From Related Documents by John T. McNeill; Helena M. Gamer: Guidelines for medieval clerics on how to assign appropriate penances for particular sins, in readable translations with detailed introductions. Penance in the ancient church --The penitentials --The condition of the texts --Early Irish penitential documents --Early Welsh penitential documents --Penitentials of the Anglo-Saxon church --Penitentials by Irish authors which were apparently compiled on the continent --Anonymous and pseudonymous Frankish and Visigothic penitentials of the eighth and ninth centuries --Penitentials written or authorized by Frankish ecclesiastics --Selections from later penitential documents --Penitential elements in medieval public law --Synodical decisions and ecclesiastical opinions relating to the penitentials --An eighth-century list of superstitions --Selections from the customs of Tallaght --Irish canons from a Worcester collection --On documents omitted --The manuscripts of the penitentials.

Eucharist and penance in the first six centuries of the church: authorized trans. from the 2nd German ed by Rauschen, Gerhard, 1854-1917: PART I. THE HOLY EUCHARIST § 1.— The Real Presence I The Question Stated, 1 — Doctrine of the Didache, 2 — of Ignatius, 3 — of Justin, 5 — of Irenaeus, 6 — of Clement of Alexandria and Origen, 7 — of Tertullian, 11 — of Cyprian, 15 — of Chrysostom, 18 — of Augustine, 19. § 2. — Transubstantiation 25 Teaching of the Church, 25 — Indecision in regard to this doctrine before 1200 exaggerated by Batiffol, 26 — Teaching of Justin, 30 — of Irenaeus, 32 — of Tertullian, 33 — of Cyril of Jerusalem, 34 — of Chrysostom, 35 — of Gregory of Nyssa, 35 — of Ambrose. 38 — of Cyril of Alexandria, 39 — of Theodore 01 Mopsuestia, 40 — of John Damascene, 40 — The precision of the doctrine in the Greek and Latin Churches, 42. § 3.— The Institution of the Eucharist 44 A general survey of the new theories of present-day liberal Protestantism in regard to the LastSupper, 44 — Biblical accounts of the institution, 45 —Spitta and Schweitzer, 49 — Andersen, 50 — Johann Hoffmann, 53 — Holtzmann, 56 — K. G. Goetz, 57 — Criticism, 59. § 4. — The Nature of the Sacrifice of the Mass 62 Renz's book on this subject, 62 — His concept of the mass the concept of Christian antiquity, 64 — Recent theories in regard to the mass, 65 — Renz's idea that the essence of the mass lies in communion untrue, 67 — His appeal to Justin, Irenaeus, Cyprian and Gregory the Great, unwarranted, 67 — Scripture affords us evidence of the sacrificial character of the Eucharist, 71 — Cyprian introduced no new theory of sacrifice into the church, 73 — Wieland-Dorsch controversy, 75 — Wieland's error in claiming that the celebration of the Eucharist in the primitive church bore the character of a common meal, 77 — Sacrifice proper something more than gift-offering, 81 — Examination of Wieland's main contentions, 83 — According to the N. T., 83 — The Didache, 86 — Clement of Rome, 86 — Ignatius, 87 — Apologists of the second century, 87 — Clement of Alexandria, 91 — Tertullian and Irenaeus, 92 — Conclusions, 94. § 5. — The Canon of the Mass 98 The Eucharistic prayer of the Didache, 98 — Justin's testimony in regard to the prayer of consecration, 101 — The recently discovered canon of Serapion, bishop of Thmuis, 102 — Derivation of the canon from the ritual of the Jewish Pasch, 106 — Derivation from the Jewish religious meal service, 107 — Origin of the Roman canon according to Drews, 110 — According to Baumstark, 111 — Funk's appreciation, 112 — Criticism, 113. § 6.— The Epiclesis 115 The universality and antiquity of the Epiclesis, 116 — The Epiclesis first a mooted question in the 15th century, 117 — Explanation of the Epiclesis, 120 — The teaching of tradition on the moment of consecration, 123 — Conclusion, 128 — List of Patristic passages on the subject, 130. § 7.— Frequent Communion in the Early Church and the Preparation Demanded for It 134 Sunday the regular day for the Eucharistic service, 135 — Daily Eucharistic sacrifice in Africa in the 3rd century, 136 — Likewise daily in the Western Church, less often in the Oriental Church, 137 — First utterance of complaints about the negligence of the faithful in receiving communion, 140 — Monastic rule of weekly communion, 142 — Communion in the homes of Christians, 144 — Eulogia, 145 — Communion to infants, 146 — Disposition of the soul for Communion, 147 — of the body, 149.

PART II. THE SACRAMENT OF PENANCE § 8.— Ecclesiastical Absolution from Capital Sins in the First Three Centuries 152 Data in the controversy, 152 — The Shepherd of Hermas on the penitential discipline, 155 — Dionysius of Corinth, 159 — Irenaeus, 160 — The De paenitentia and De pudicitia of Tertullian, 161 — The controversy and Cyprian, 165 — Conclusion in regard to the ecclesiastical discipline in the Latin Church, 173 — The attitude of the Oriental Church, 180. § 9. — Public Confession. 184 Definitions, 184 — Public confession required for capital sins committed publicly, 187 — The three capital sins to be regarded generically, 191 — Broader conception of the sins mortal, 192 — The seven capital sins, 193 §10.— Public Penance 194 Direction of the public penance, 104 — Was it required for secret sins? 196 — Forms of public penance, 199 — Classes of penitents, 201— "Peaceletters" of the martyrs, 203 — No repetition of public penance, 207 — Submission to this discipline at the hour of death, 207 — Relaxation of the early discipline from the fifth century onward, 209 — Disappearance of the system in the East, 210 — in the West, 212. §10.— Auricular Confession 213 Obscurity of the question, 214 — Criticism of recent literature on the subject, 216 — No sacramental absolution given before penance was performed, 219 — Private confession m close connection with public penance, 223 — Increasing importance and spread of private confession in the fourth and fifth centuries, 225 — Confession of capital sins demanded, 226 — Objections from Origen, 230 — from Tertullian, 230 — from Augustine, 231 — from Chrysostom, 231 — Difference between the present practice of penance and confession and that of early Christian times, 234 — The practice of confession in the ancient monasteries, 238 — Universal spread of periodic confession in the early Middle Ages, 240 — The deprecatory formula of absolution, 242 — Sacramental character of ab- solution, 243 — The power of binding and loosing exclusively exercised by the monks in the Greek Church, 246 — The seal of confession, 249. § 12.— Retrospect 250

CONTENTS PREFACE ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XXI INTRODUCTION I. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDIAEVAL ICONOGRAPHY I I. — Mediaeval Iconography is a script. II.— It is a calculus. The mystic numbers. III. — It is a symbolic code. Art and the Liturgy. II. METHOD USED IN THIS STUDY OF MEDIÆVAL ICONOGRAPHY — THE MIRRORS OF VINCENT OF BEAUVAIS 23 BOOK I THE MIRROR OF NATURE 27 I. — To the mediæval mind the universe a symbol. Sources of this conception. The "Key" of Melito. The Bestiaries. II. — Animals represented in the churches; their meaning not always symbolic. Symbols of the Evangelists. Window at Lyons. Frieze at Strasburg. Influence of Honorius of Autun ; the Bestiaries. III. — Exaggerations of the symbolic school. Symbolism sometimes absent. Flora and fauna of the thirteenth century. Gargoyles, monsters. BOOK II THE MIRROR OF INSTRUCTION 64 I. — Labour and learning; their part in the work of redemption. Manual work. Representations of the labours of the months; illustrated calendars. II. — Instruction; the Trivium and Quadrivium. Martianus Capella and the Seven Arts. Influence of his book on mediæval Literature and Art. III. — Representations of Philosophy. Influence of Boethius. IV. — Conclusion. The Fate of Man. The Wheel of Fortune. BOOK III THE MIRROR OF MORALS 98 1. — Representations of the Virtues and Vices in mediæval Art. The Psychomachia of Prudentius and its influence. II. — The Virtues and Vices seen under new forms in the thirteenth century. The twelve Virtues and the twelve Vices at Notre Dame at Paris, Chartres and Amiens. III. — The Active and the Contemplative Life. Statues at Chartres. BOOK IV I. THE MIRROR OF HISTORY. THE OLD TESTAMENT 131 I. — The Old Testament regarded as a figure of the New Testament. Sources of the symbolic interpretation of the Bible. The Alexandrian Fathers. St. Hilary. St. Ambrose. St. Augustine. Mediaeval Doctors. The Glossa Ordinaria. II. — Old Testament types in mediaeval Art. Types of Christ. Symbolic windows at Bourges, Chartres, Le Mans and Tours. III. — Old Testament types of the Virgin. The porch at Laon. Influence of Honorius of Autun. IV. — The Patriarchs and the Kings. Their symbolic function. V. — The Prophets. Attempts in mediaeval Art to give plastic form to the Prophecies. VI. — The Tree of Jesse. The Kings of Judah on the façade of Notre Dame at Paris, at Amiens, and at Chartres. VII. — Summary. The symbolic medallions in Sugeris windows at St. Denis. The statues of the north porch at Chartres. II. THE GOSPELS 176 I. — The life of Christ only partially represented in mediaeval art. Reason for this. Representation of the Church Calendar only. Influence of the Liturgy. The Christmas and Easter cycles. II. — Symbolic interpretation of the New Testament. The Nativity. The Crucifixion. The first and the second Adam. The Resurrection. The Marriage at Cana. III. — The Parables. Parables of the Wise and Foolish Virgins and of the Good Samaritan. Their symbolic significance. Parables of Dives and Lazarus and of the Prodigal Son. III. APOCRYPHAL STORIES; OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT 202 I. — Legends relating to the Old Testament. The death of Cain. II. — Legends relating to the New Testament. The Gospel of the Infancy. The Gospel of Nicodemus. III. — Apocryphal stories of the Infancy. The ox and the ass. The midwives. The Magi and their journey. Miracles of the Child in Egypt. IV. — Apocryphal features in the public life of Christ. The marriage at Cana. V. — Legends of the Passion and the Resurrection. Legends of the Cross. The descent into Limbo. The Appearances. VI. — Some traditional features in works of art ; their origin. Studio traditions. Probable "Guide to Painting" in the thirteenth century. VII. — Legends of the Virgin. Cult of the Virgin in the thirteenth century. Birth of the Virgin. SS. Anne and Joachim. Marriage of the Virgin. The Annunciation ; details of apocryphal origin. Death, burial and coronation of the Virgin. VIII. — Miracles of the Virgin. Story of Theophilus. The De Gloria Martyrum of Gregory of Tours. Explanation of windows at Le Mans. IV. THE SAINTS AND THE GOLDEN LEGEND 267 I. — The Saints. Their place in the life of the Middle Ages. II. — The Golden Legend; its character and its charm. III. — The artists' interpretation of the Golden Legend. Endeavour to express holiness. IV. — Characteristics of the saints. Emblems and attributes. Reaction of art on legend. V.— Characteristics of saints and the craft guilds. Patron saints. VI. — The favourite saints of the Middle Ages. The apostles. Their apocryphal history; the pseudo- Abdias. Attributes of the apostles. VII. — Local saints. VIII. — Saints adopted by the whole of Christendom. IX.— Influence of relics on the choice of saints. X.— Choice of saints by donors. The confraternities. XI. — Influence of pilgrimages on thé choice of saints. St. James, St. Nicholas and St. Martin. V. ANTIQUITY. SECULAR HISTORY 332 I. — Antiquity. The great men of antiquity rarely represented in the cathedrals. Aristotle and Campaspe. Virgil in the basket. The Sibyl as the symbol of antiquity. The sibyl Erythraea alone represented in the thirteenth century. Reasons for this. II. — Symbolic interpretation of classical myths. Ovid moralised. III. — History of France. Kings of France. Their figures less frequent than often supposed. Montfaucon's error. IV. — Great scenes in the history of F rance. Baptism of Clovis. Story of Charlemagne (window at Chartres). The Crusades. Life of St. Louis. VI. THE CLOSE OF HISTORY — THE APOCALYPSE — THE LAST JUDGMENT 355 I. — The Apocalypse. The artists' sources of inspiration. The Spanish and the Anglo-Norman apocalypse; influence of the latter. II. — The Last J udgment ; its representation and sources. Importance of the Elucidarium of Honorius of Autun. Precursory signs. The Second Coming of Christ. The Resurrection of the Dead. The Judgment. St. Michael and his scales. Hell; he jaws of Leviathan. The Elect. III. — Eternal Blessedness. The Beatitudes of the soul. The Beatitudes after St. Anselm, in the north porch at Chartres. The close of history. CONCLUSION 390 I. — Each cathedral has its individual character. II. — The ordering of subjects determined by the Church, the artist the submissive interpreter. Error of Violet-le-Duc; the lay artists not rebels. III. — The cathedral a work of faith and love. TRANSLATOR'S NOTE 400 APPENDIX 401 BIBLIOGRAPHY 407 INDEX OF WORKS OF ART REFERRED TO 411 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Adder, The deaf (Amiens) 45 Adoration of the Magi (choir enclosure, Notre Dame at Paris) 214 The Magi asleep in one bed (tympanum in the north porch at Chartres) 228, 229 (B. N., MS. Lat. 17326, second half of the thirteenth century) 230 Annunciation, The (window at Lyons). After L. Bégule 243 (window at Laon). From MM. de Florival and Midoux 245 Apocalypse, The (after a MS. in the B. N.) 361 (window at Bourges). From Cahier and Martin 363 Apostle carrying consecration cross (Sainte-Chapelle) 21 Apostles (Chartres) 305 To The right of Christ (Amiens) 306, 307 Appearances of Christ to St. Peter (choir enclosure, Notre Dame at Paris) 226 Arch-orders of Portail St. Honoré at Amiens 154 Aristotle and Cam pas pe (Lyons) 334 Arts, Grammar and Dialectic (porch at Auxerre) 84 " Grammar with Donatus or Priscian, and Music with Pythagoras (Chartres) 87 Music (window at Laon). From MM. de Florival and Midoux 86 Philosophy (Laon). After Viollet-le-Duc 90 (Sens). After Viollet-le-Duc 92 Assumption of the Virgin, The (Notre Dame at Paris) 249 Balaam supported by his ass, the Queen of Sheba by a negro (north porch, Chartres) 8 Basement of the cathedral of Sens (portion) 58 Basilisk, The (Amiens) 45 Beast, Apocalyptic 361 Beasts, The four (Chartres) 7 Beatitudes of the soul, The (north porch, Chartres) 386, 387 Burial of the Virgin (Notre Dame at Paris) 247 Charadrius, The (Lyons). After a drawing by L. Bégule 41 Charlemagne window (Chartres) 349, 351 Christ, Head of (Amiens) 4 Figure of (south porch, Chartres) 177 The lion, the dragon, the adder and the basilisk beneath the feet of (Amiens, central doorway) 44 Christ standing between the Old and the New Law (medallion in a window at St. Denis) 170 Church and the Synagogue, The (window at Bourges). From Martin and Cahier 189 Coronation of the Virgin (Porte Rouge, Notre Dame at Paris) 254 Coronation of the Virgin, Burial, Resurrection and (Abbey of Longpont) 252 (Senlis). Photograph belonging to M. E. Lef fare Pont alis 250 (Chartres) 251 Burial, Resurrection and (Amiens) 253 The Death, Resurrection and (Sens). Photograph belonging to M. E. Lefèvrg-Pontalis 255 (lintel of the right door, Auxerre) 256 (French ivory, thirteenth century, in the Louvre) 257 Creation. The Creator in the first order, the work of the seven days in the second (north porch, Chartres) 28 Crucifixion, Symbolic (miniature in the Hortus deliciarum) 192 David and Goliath (rose-window of the façade, Reims) 341 Eagle and eaglets (Lyons). After a drawing by L. Bégule 42 Figures, marginal (B. N., MS. Latin 14284) 62, 63, 123 Flight into Egypt, The (choir enclosure, Notre Dame at Paris) 219 Flora, Stone (Notre Dame, Paris) 53 Furriers (from a window at Chartres) 66 Genesis, Early chapters of (portion of base of doorway at Auxerre) 133 Gideon and the fleece (window at Laon). From Florival and Midoux, by permission of M. de Florival 16 Gifts of the Holy Spirit, Christ with the seven (Le Mans). From Hucher 167 Good Samaritan, Parable of the (window at Sens). From Cahier and Martin 197 Grotesque animals (Notre Dame, Paris) 56 Grotesques on the Portail des Libraires (Rouen) 59, 60, 61 Isaiah bearing St. Matthew (window at Chartres) 10 Isaiah, Jeremiah, St. John the Baptist, St. Peter (Chartres) 174 Judgment, Last (Laon) 367 Notre Dame at Paris) T 369 (Amiens) 374 (Saint Sulpice at Favières, Seine et Oise) 373 (cathedral at Bordeaux) 372 (Chartres) 368 (Saint-Seurin at Bordeaux) 371 (Poitiers) 370 The Lost (Bourges) 381 The Saved (Bourges) 382 The Lost (Reims) 379 King of Judah holding a rod of the tree of Jesse (Amiens) 168 Ladder of virtue, The. After the Hortus deliciarum 106 Lamech killing Cain (Bourges, Auxerre) 204, 205 Leviathan caught by the hook (miniature in the Hortus deliciarum) 380 Lion and his cubs, The (Lyons). After a drawing by L. Bégule 40 Magi, The story of the (bas-reliefs at Amiens) 215 Maiden with the unicorn, The (Lyons). After a drawing by L. Bégule 39 Martyrdom of St. Nicasius and of St. Eutropia (Reims) 312 Melchizedek and Abraham (Reims) 155 Abraham, Moses, Samuel, David (Chartres) 173 Midwives washing the Child, The (from a window at Le Mans) 213 Miracle of Theophilus (Notre Dame at Paris) 259, 260 Miracles of the Virgin (window at Le Mans). From Hueher 263, 265 Months, The (Amiens) 69, 70, 73, 75 (Notre Dame at Paris) 72, 74, 76 (Rampillon) 71, 77 Nativity, The (B. N., MS. Lat. 17326, thirteenth century) 186 (porch of Laon Cathedral) 187 Nimbus, The cruciferous, with the aureole, and the four emblems of the evangelists (tympanum at Chartres) 7 Parrots, Two (Album of Villard de Honnecourt) 55 Personages, Biblical (Chartres) 343, 344 Prophecy of Zephaniah, The (Amiens) 163 Prophet Amos, The (from a window at Le Mans). After Hueher 159 Prophets (Amiens) 161 (Reims) 154 160 Psychomachia (Aulnay, twelfth century) 103 Quadriga of Aminadab, The symbolic (medallion in a window at St. Denis) 171 Resurrection and the Coronation of the Virgin, The (window, Notre Dame at Paris) 248 (Abbey of Longpont) 252 of the Dead. Abraham receiving the Souls (Rampillon) 376 The Saved and the Lost (Portail des Libraires at Rouen) 375 Rider of the Apocalypse. Death (Notre Dame at Paris) 366 (Apocalypse of Saint-Sever) (B. N., MS. Latin 8878) 359 Riders of the Apocalypse, Hell and the (porch of the Last Judgment, Amiens) 364 Sea, The (Notre Dame, Paris) 57 Separation of the Saved and the Lost (Laon) 377 Sky, water and trees, The. From the legend of St. Eustace (window at Chartres) 3 Souls borne by angels to Abraham's bosom (Reims) 384 Sibyl Erythraea, The (Laon) 338 Simeon, John the Baptist, Isaiah, Moses, Abraham (Reims) 153 St. Anne and St. Joachim (Le Mans). From Hueher 241 carrying the Virgin (window at Chartres) 319 St. Eustace, Legend of (window at Chartrés) 275, 276, 277 St. Firmin (Amiens) 284 St. James, Legend of (from a window at Chartres) 304 (porch of the cathedral at Bayonne) 309 St. John, Death of (window at Lyons). After L. Bégule 301 (porch at Rouen) 302 St. Marcel baptizing (arch of the Portail Rouge, Notre Dame at Paris) 313 St. Modeste (Chartres) 5 St. Nicholas and St. Martin, Tympanum devoted to (Chartres) 330 St. Peter and St. John at the Tomb (Notre Dame, Paris) 226 St. Stephen, Story of (south porch, Notre Dame at Paris) 314 St. Theodore (Chartres) 283 St. Thomas, Legend of (porch at Semur) 303 Sts. Martin, Jerome, Gregory the Great (Chartres) 286, 287 Student life, So-called scenes of (Notre Dame at Paris) 353 Summer (Notre Dame, Paris) 67 Symbolic window at Bourges 141 Le Mans. From Hueher 145 Lyons. From Cahier and Martin 38 Tree of Jesse (window at Chartres). From Lassus' monograph 166 Virgin with the burning bush beneath her feet, The (north porch, Chartres) 9 Virgin and one of the midwives, The (window at Laon). From MM de Florival and Midoux 211 Virgin at Chartres, The ("Notre-Dame de la belle verrière"). Beginning of the thirteenth century 234 Virgin, Symbolic bas-reliefs relating to the (Amiens) 151 Virgin, The ("La Vierge dorée" of Amiens) 237 Virgin, The (Notre Dame at Paris) 232, 236 Virgin, The (window at Laon). From MM. de Florival and Midoux 235 Virgins, The Foolish. The tree and the axe (Longpont) 388 Virtues and Vices (Amiens, Paris, Lyons, Chartres) 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130 Vision of Ezekiel (Amiens) 163 " Zechariah (Amiens) 164 " St. John (window at Lyons). After L. Bégule 357 Visitation, The (choir enclosure, Notre Dame at Paris) 231 Wheel of fortune (from a rose-window (south) at Amiens) 95 Wheel of fortune. After the Hortus deliciarum, twelfth century 97 Window at St. Denis 170, 171